Which statement about inhaled allergens is true?

• A. They never affect the airway
• B. They can cause respiratory symptoms such as chest tightness
• C. They only affect the skin
• D. They always cause anaphylaxis

Answer: (B)

Inhaled allergens can trigger reactions in the airways of people who are sensitized. When such a person breathes in allergens like pollen, dust mite, or animal dander, IgE antibodies on airway mast cells recognize the allergen and cause these cells to release mediators (histamine, leukotrienes, etc.). This inflames the airway, increases mucus, and makes the airways hypersensitive, leading to symptoms like chest tightness, coughing, wheeze, and shortness of breath. That’s why the statement about inhaled allergens causing respiratory symptoms such as chest tightness is true.

These allergens aren’t limited to skin effects; they can affect the respiratory tract as well, which is why saying they only affect the skin isn’t accurate. They also don’t always cause anaphylaxis; while some exposures can trigger a severe systemic reaction in rare cases, most inhaled allergen reactions are respiratory or nasal rather than life-threatening.